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Select materials for optics

Different optical material have different characteristics, Selecting a proper glass material is very important for optical design. Following factors need be considered when selecting a material.

¡ù Transmission wavelength region
¡ù Index of refraction, abbe number
¡ù Thermal expansion
¡ù Density, Mechanical and chemical characteristics

¡ù Cost of material. Some of materials like Fused Silica are much expensive.
 
Below are basic information of optical glasses that are often used.
Glass Index(nd) Abbe(Vd) Density(g/cm3)

Coefficient of
Thermal expansion (10-6/k)
Transparency
Range(mm)
N-FK1
1.470
66.82
2.30
8.10
0.32--2.4
N-ZK7
1.508
61.06
2.43
4.55
0.35--2.4
N-BK7
1.517
64.20
2.52
7.10
0.33--2.4
B270
1.523
58.50
2.55
8.20
0.35--2.4
N-SK11
1.564
60.80
3.05
6.50
0.35--2.4
N-BAK4
1.569
56.04
2.83
7.00
0.37--2.4
N-SK12
1.583
59.46
3.28
6.65
0.35--2.4
N-F2
1.620
36.35
2.67
8.40
0.39--2.4
N-LAK22
1.651
55.89
3.73
8.00
0.34--2.4
N-SF2
1.647
33.87
3.86
8.10
0.38--2.4
N-SF5
1.672
32.22
4.09
7.55
0.38--2.4
N-LAF3
1.717
47.89
4.44
8.00
0.38--2.4
N-LAF7
1.749
34.98
4.22
5.40
0.38--2.4
N-SF11
1.785
25.80
5.41
6.20
0.40--2.4
N-LASF44
1.804
46.58
4.72
7.00
0.38--2.4
N-SFL6
1.805
25.39
3.37
9.00
0.39--2.4
N-SF57
1.846
23.80
3.52
9.80
0.40--2.4
 
Fused Silica
1.458
67.70
2.20
0.55
0.19--2.5
Borosilicate
1.474
65.70
2.23
3.25
0.35--2.4
Silicon
1.472
65.70
2.33
3.25
1.2--7.0
CaF2
1.434
94.99
3.18
18.85
0.17--7.8
Sapphire
1.768
72.24
3.99
8.4
0.18--4.8
Ge
4.0@10mm
 
 
5.7
1.9--16.0
ZnSe
2.40@10mm
 
 
7.1
0.63--18.0
 
For more information of optical glass, please visit the website of material manufacturers: Schott, or CDGM Glass.
 
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